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	<title>Too Bad You Never Knew Ace Hanna &#187; Participation</title>
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		<title>Vier Thesen zu politischer Online-Partizipation anlässlich des Politcamp11</title>
		<link>http://andreasjungherr.net/2011/05/28/vier-thesen-zu-politischer-online-partizipation-anlasslich-des-politcamp11/</link>
		<comments>http://andreasjungherr.net/2011/05/28/vier-thesen-zu-politischer-online-partizipation-anlasslich-des-politcamp11/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 28 May 2011 14:45:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andreas Jungherr</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Conferences]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Writing and Presenting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Alexander Kurz]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jürgen Ertelt]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Julia Partheymüller]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Participation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Politcamp]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Political Participation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ralf Lindner]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Stefan Marschall]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thilo von Pape]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thorsten Faas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thorsten Quandt]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tobias Nehren]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ulrich Riehm]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andreasjungherr.net/?p=1483</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Nächste Woche ist mal wieder Zeit für das Politcamp, diesmal in Bonn. Am kommenden Sonntag werde ich auf dem von Alexander Kurz moderierten Panel &#8220;Partizipation und Community Management. Nutzen Parteien den Rückkanal?&#8221; mit Tobias Nehren, Jürgen Ertelt und Julius van de Laar über die Netzaktivitäten der deutschen Parteien diskutieren. Nachdem Cem Basman bereits mit einem&#8230;]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Nächste Woche ist mal wieder Zeit für das <a href="http://11.politcamp.org/">Politcamp</a>, diesmal in Bonn. Am kommenden Sonntag werde ich auf dem von <a href="http://www.kurz.co/">Alexander Kurz</a> moderierten Panel &#8220;<a href="http://11.politcamp.org/partizipation-und-community-management-nutzen-parteien-den-ruckkanal/">Partizipation und Community Management. Nutzen Parteien den Rückkanal?</a>&#8221; mit <a href="http://www.spd.de/328/tobias_nehren.html">Tobias Nehren</a>, <a href="http://ertelt.info">Jürgen Ertelt</a> und <a href="http://juliusvandelaar.com/">Julius van de Laar</a> über die Netzaktivitäten der deutschen Parteien diskutieren. Nachdem <a href="http://sprechblase.wordpress.com/uber/">Cem Basman</a> bereits mit einem <a href="http://sprechblase.wordpress.com/2011/05/22/politcamp-11-demokratie-soziale-medien-generationenwechsel/">Panel-Vorschlag</a> für das Barcamp vorgelegt hat möchte ich in Anlehnung an <a href="http://blog.mathias-richel.de/">Mathias Richels</a> <a href="http://blog.mathias-richel.de/2010/03/11/zum-politcamp-sechs-steile-thesen-zum-onlinewahlkampf-2009-und-im-allgemeinen/">steile Thesen</a> zum letzten Politcamp die Diskussion mit den folgenden vier nicht ganz so steilen Thesen starten. Hierfür noch einmal, leicht paraphrasiert, die Leitfragen des Panels:</p>
<blockquote><p>Warum entstehen die sichtbarsten politischen Online-Initiativen in Deutschland nicht in den Parteizentralen sondern dezentral? Kann man daraus auf ein Versagen der Parteien im Netz schliessen?</p></blockquote>
<h3>These 1: Erfolge von Online Initiativen können als Ergebnisse eines politische Seismographen gelesen werden</h3>
<p>Im Internet drehen sich Konversationen nicht um Organisationen sondern um Personen, <a href="http://gapingvoid.com/2007/12/31/social-objects-for-beginners/">Objekte</a> oder Themen. Wenn politische Kampagnen im Netz Geschwindigkeit gewinnen, dann geschieht dies häufig in bereits bestehenden Interessen-Communities (z.B. in der <a href="http://www.spreeblick.com/2009/09/17/und-alle-so-wtf/">Kommentarspalte eines Blogs</a>) oder in den privaten Netzwerken von Betroffenen. Häufig werden Menschen online spontan politisch aktiv, die ansonsten mit Politik nicht viel zu tun haben. Nicht langfristige Einbindung in politische Prozesse oder Organisationen motiviert sondern plötzliche Ereignisse oder Themen, die in den ansonsten unpolitischen Alltag einbrechen. Und so wird auf Kommunikationswegen dieses Alltags lautstark politische Zustimmung oder Ablehnung kommuniziert. So ist es auch kein Wunder, dass im Netz erfolgreich ist was routinierte Berufspolitiker und Hauptstadtjournalisten spontan erst einmal als Nichtthemen einordnen würden. Einige Beispiele: <a href="https://epetitionen.bundestag.de/index.php?action=petition;sa=details;petition=3860">Netzsperren-Petition</a>, <a href="http://youtu.be/J_DRAIGbvUw">Yeaahh-Flashmobs</a>, <a href="http://der-gute-tweet.de/mygauck/">My-Gauck</a>, <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protest_gegen_Stuttgart_21">S21 Gegner</a>, <a href="http://de.guttenplag.wikia.com/wiki/GuttenPlag_Wiki">GuttenPlag Wiki</a>, <a href="https://www.facebook.com/zuGuttenBACK">zu Guttenberg Unterstützer</a>.</p>
<p>Diese Initiativen entstanden neben dem üblichen politischen Prozess und ihr Erfolg war in der Regel sowohl für Politiker, Medien als auch häufig für die Initiatoren selbst überraschend. Auch wenn einige dieser Initiativen im Umfeld von Parteien entstanden oder nach Anfangserfolgen von etablierten Parteien und Politikern unterstützt wurden, ist das nicht der Grund für ihren Erfolg. Stattdessen sprachen diese Initiativen Themen an, die durch den politischen Betrieb vernachlässigt wurden, die aber die Unterstützer der Initiativen für wichtig hielten. Der Erfolg einzelner Online-Initiativen lässt sich also wie ein politischer Seismograph lesen.</p>
<h3>These 2: Die Stärkung von Online-Partizipation ist zur Zeit eine Ermächtigung der Ermächtigten</h3>
<p>In Deutschland haben Bürger Interesse an der politischen Partizipation über Online-Kanäle. Diese Bürger stellen aber keinen repräsentativen Ausschnitt der Gesamtbevölkerung dar. Stattdessen zeigen Nutzungsstudien von Online-Partizipationskanälen, dass diese in der Regel von einer politisch aktiveren, formal besser gebildeteren und männlicheren Bevölkerungsgruppe genutzt wird als dem Schnitt der Bundesbürger (vgl. z.B. <a href="http://www.psocommons.org/policyandinternet/vol3/iss1/art4/">Linder und Riehm 2011</a>, <a href="http://www.bpb.de/publikationen/BGI4PA,0,0,Wahlen_W%E4hler_WahlOMat.html">Marschall 2011</a>). Eine politische Stärkung von Online-Partizipation ist also zur Zeit wohl eine Ermächtigung der Ermächtigten.</p>
<h3>These 3: In Deutschland wird das Internet von der Bevölkerung überwiegend noch nicht als Medium der politischen Partizipation gesehen</h3>
<p>Im Gegensatz zu den USA ist das Internet in Deutschland noch kein dominierendes Medium für Bürger, um sich über Politik zu informieren. Die Mannheimer Forscher <a href="http://www.thorstenfaas.de/">Thorsten Faas</a> und <a href="http://www.mzes.uni-mannheim.de/mitarbeiter/mzes_pers_d.php?Recno=434">Julia Partheymüller</a> fanden in einer Untersuchung zur politischen Onlinenutzung während des Bundestagswahlkampf 2009, dass nur 18,8% der von Ihnen Befragten in der Woche bevor dem Befragungszeitpunkt mindestens an einem Tag das Internet genutzt hatte, um sich über den Wahlkampf zu informieren (<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-92853-1_4">Faas und Partheymüller 2011</a>). Ähnliche Ergebnisse finden sich in Studien, die sich mit der aktiven politischen Partizipation über Soziale Netzwerkplattformen befassen (vgl. z.B. <a href="http://www.media-perspektiven.de/261.html?&#038;tx_mppublications_pi1[showUid]=1597&#038;cHash=3ddcc38cd59d7e303a1d48584f2ac4be">von Pape und Quandt</a>). Das Internet wird also zur Zeit von den meisten Deutschen nicht als Medium für politische Information oder Partizipation gesehen.</p>
<h3>These 4: Der Schwerpunkt des parteipolitischen Community-Managements liegt offline ganz richtig</h3>
<p>Für einen Großteil der deutschen Parteimitglieder und Unterstützer ist das Telefon, der Bürgerbrief oder der Besuch der Bürgersprechstunde eines Politikers immer noch der bevorzugte Weg für politisches Feedback. Solange dies so bleibt, solange sind Parteien und Politiker gut beraten, auch weiterhin den Schwerpunkt ihres Community-Managments offline zu sehen.</p>
<h3>Literatur:</h3>
<p>Thorsten Faas und Julia Partheymüller (2011) &#8220;<a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/m521447h551qt641/">Aber jetzt?! Politische Internetnutzung in den Bundestagswahlkämpfen 2005 und 2009</a>,&#8221;  In: Eva Johanna Schweitzer und Steffen Albrecht (Hrsg.): <em><a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/978-3-531-17023-7/#section=867728&#038;page=1">Das Internet im Wahlkampf. Analysen zur Bundestagswahl 2009</a></em>. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag. S. 119 &#8211; 135. DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-92853-1_4">10.1007/978-3-531-92853-1_4</a>.</p>
<p>Ralf Lindner und Ulrich Riehm (2011) &#8220;<a href="http://www.psocommons.org/policyandinternet/vol3/iss1/art4">Broadening Participation Through E-Petitions? An Empirical Study of Petitions to the German Parliament</a>,&#8221; <em>Policy &#038; Internet</em>: Vol. 3: Iss. 1, Article 4. DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1944-2866.1083">10.2202/1944-2866.1083</a></p>
<p>Stefan Marschall (2011) &#8220;<a href="http://www.bpb.de/publikationen/BGI4PA,0,0,Wahlen_W%E4hler_WahlOMat.html">Wahlen, Wähler, Wahl-O-Mat</a>,&#8221; <em>Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte</em>, B 61, S. 40-46.</p>
<p>Thilo von Pape und Thorsten Quandt (2010) &#8220;<a href="http://www.media-perspektiven.de/261.html?&#038;tx_mppublications_pi1[showUid]=1597&#038;cHash=3ddcc38cd59d7e303a1d48584f2ac4be">Wen erreicht der Wahlkampf 2.0? Eine Repräsentativ-studie zum Informationsverhalten im Bundestagswahlkampf 2009</a>,&#8221; <em>Media Perspektiven</em>, 9/2010, S. 390-398.</p>
<p>[Update: 2011/06/06]<br />
Bei <a href="http://blogfraktion.de/">Blogfraktion</a> habe ich die These 2 noch etwas ausführlicher formuliert: &#8220;<a href="http://blogfraktion.de/2011/06/03/politische-beteiligung-im-internet/">Wer hat, dem wird gegeben: Politische Beteiligung im Internet</a>&#8220;.</p>
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		<title>re:publica XI: Politische Klicks</title>
		<link>http://andreasjungherr.net/2011/04/15/republica-xi-politische-klicks/</link>
		<comments>http://andreasjungherr.net/2011/04/15/republica-xi-politische-klicks/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 15 Apr 2011 21:54:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andreas Jungherr</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Conferences]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Presentations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Writing and Presenting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Digitale Gesellschaft]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[eGovernment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ePetitions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[German Politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Participation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Political Activism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Political Participation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Political Science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[re:publica]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social Science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The Political Click: Political Participation through E-Petitions in Germany]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andreasjungherr.net/?p=1399</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Nun ist die diesjährige Auflage der re:publica gekommen und gegangen. Begleitet wurde sie diesmal von heftiger Medienaufmerksamkeit und einer etwas bemüht scheinend Kontroverse um die Vereinsgründung der &#8220;Digitalen Gesellschaft&#8221; unter dem Vorsitz von Markus Beckedahl. Leider war dies dann auch schon das spannendste Thema der Konferenz. Für mich war es dieses Jahr die erste re:publica,&#8230;]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://re-publica.de/11/" title="Back &#038; Up"><img src="http://re-publica.de/11/wp-content/banner/250b.jpg" alt="re:publica 11" class=" alignleft"></a>Nun ist die diesjährige Auflage der <a href="http://re-publica.de/11/">re:publica</a> gekommen und gegangen. Begleitet wurde sie diesmal von heftiger Medienaufmerksamkeit und einer etwas <a href="http://carta.info/39812/herzlichen-gluckwunsch-digitale-gesellschaft/">bemüht</a> <a href="http://lumma.de/2011/04/15/berlin-mitte-nerds-e-v-gegrundet/">scheinend</a> <a href="http://www.netzpolitik.org/2011/bewegendes-mein-erster-rant-uberhaupt/">Kontroverse</a> um <a href="http://www.taz.de/1/netz/netzpolitik/artikel/1/digitale-gesellschaft-ohne-community/">die</a> <a href="http://mrtopf.de/blog/politik-politics/digiges/">Vereinsgründung</a> der &#8220;<a href="http://digitalegesellschaft.de/">Digitalen Gesellschaft</a>&#8221; unter dem Vorsitz von Markus Beckedahl. Leider war dies dann auch schon das spannendste Thema der Konferenz.</p>
<p>Für mich war es dieses Jahr die erste re:publica, die ich besuchte. Mir fehlt also der Vergleich zu den Konferenzen der letzten Jahre. Allerdings muss ich sagen, dass ich die Vorträge in diesem Jahr nur semispannend fand. Wenig Neues. Es scheint fast als hätte sich in den netzpolitischen Aufregungen von 2009 die Innovationsenergie des deutschsprachigen Netzes erst einmal für die folgenden Jahren verbrannt. Es müsste doch inzwischen möglich sein, über mehr zu sprechen als vermeintliche Revolutionen oder vermutete Potentiale diverser neuer oder weniger neuer Online-Dienste. <a href="http://blog.stecki.de/archives/251-retrospektive-reinfall-republica.html">So</a> <a href="http://tzwaen.com/blog/2011/re-publica-xi-und-die-welt-dre/">ganz</a> <a href="http://www.simon-zeimke.de/2011/04/digitale-gesellschaft-versus-gesellschaft-digital/">allein</a> scheine ich mit dieser Einschätzung nicht zu sein.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/re-publica/5618666577/" title="Andreas Jungherr auf der re:publica 2011 by re:publica 2011, on Flickr"><img src="http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5307/5618666577_9230312ebe.jpg" width="425" height="326" alt="Andreas Jungherr auf der re:publica 2011"></a><br />
(<a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en">cc</a>) Jonas Fischer/<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/re-publica/">re:publica</a></p>
<p>Am Donnerstag hielt ich einen Vortrag mit dem Titel &#8220;<a href="http://re-publica.de/11/blog/panel/politische-klicks/">Politische Klicks: Nutzungsdynamik des deutschen E-Petitionssystems</a>&#8220;. In dem Vortrag stellte ich die Ergebnisse einer Studie von Pascal Jürgens und mir zu Nutzerverhalten auf der <a href="https://epetitionen.bundestag.de/">E-Petitionsplattform</a> des Deutschen Bundestags vor. Hier die Präsentation:</p>
<div style="width:425px" id="__ss_7642036"> <strong style="display:block;margin:12px 0 4px"><a href="http://www.slideshare.net/Andreas_Jungherr/politische-klicks-republica-xi" title="Politische Klicks: Nutzungsdynamik des deutschen E-Petitionssystems - re:publica XI">Politische Klicks: Nutzungsdynamik des deutschen E-Petitionssystems &#8211; re:publica XI</a></strong> <iframe src="http://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/7642036" width="425" height="355" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"></iframe>
<div style="padding:5px 0 12px"> View more <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/">presentations</a> from <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/Andreas_Jungherr">Andreas Jungherr</a> </div>
</p></div>
<p>Wer an mehr Informationen zu der Untersuchung interessiert ist wird bei dem Open Access Journal <a href="http://www.psocommons.org/policyandinternet/">Policy &#038; Internet</a> fündig. Dort haben Pascal Jürgens und ich die Ergebnisse ausführlich in dem Artikel &#8220;<a href="http://www.psocommons.org/policyandinternet/vol2/iss4/art6/">The Political Click: Political Participation through E-Petitions in Germany</a>&#8221; dokumentiert.</p>
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		<title>Interview on the Use of Social Media by Political Activists</title>
		<link>http://andreasjungherr.net/2011/02/09/interview-on-the-use-of-social-media-by-political-activists/</link>
		<comments>http://andreasjungherr.net/2011/02/09/interview-on-the-use-of-social-media-by-political-activists/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 09 Feb 2011 08:23:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andreas Jungherr</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Interviews]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Egypt]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Participation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Political Activism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Political Participation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social Media]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tunisia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Yemen]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andreasjungherr.net/?p=1333</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The Russian news agency Rosbalt recently published an interview with me on the use of social media by political activists. The interview was lead by Yulia Netesova. The original interview can be found here (in Russian). Here follows an English version: 1) How important is the fact that social media became a tool for grassroot-rioting?&#8230;]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Russian news agency <a href="http://www.rosbalt.ru">Rosbalt</a> recently published an interview with me on the use of social media by political activists. The interview was lead by Yulia Netesova. The original interview can be found <a href="http://www.rosbalt.ru/2011/02/08/817332.html">here</a> (in Russian). Here follows an English version:</p>
<p><strong>1) How important is the fact that social media became a tool for grassroot-rioting?</strong></p>
<p>Protesters use social media channels for the distribution of information. This information is used internally to organize the protest (for example: Where and when do we meet? Where is the police? What are the reactions of the politicians?) as well as externally to get news and pictures of the protests to an international public. Both these functions are not new. A few years ago protesters used mobile phones to achieve similar goals. The widespread use of social media introduces a new speed and scale to the process. This facilitates the decentralized organization of a protest and increases the international visibility of protesters and the reactions to them by governments. Still, this does not make social media the trigger or reason for the protests.</p>
<p><strong>2) What kind of changes will this bring? Should we get ready for the age of censorship on behalf of the scared governments?</strong></p>
<p>A growing adoption of social media tools by activists will lead to a higher international visibility of their causes. While traditional news media in the West largely ignored the Egyptian protests an international public was kept aware of the daily developments by social media channels. Also the internationally accessible video stream on the website of Al Jazeera was a very important source of documentation. Social media channels lead to a circumvention of news selection biases in the West, which in turn massively increased the visibility of the protests. This phenomenon is likely to increase. Also the use of social media tools allows protesters to document themselves and thus avoid the filter of traditional news organizations. The iconic potential of pictures taken with camera phones during protests was demonstrated during the recent protests in Iran and will likely reassert itself during the ongoing protests in Tunisia, Egypt, India, and Yemen.</p>
<p>The attempt of the Egyptian government to defuse the protests by cutting access to the internet has been largely futile. Thus it probably serves more as an example of the limited effect that censorship attempts by governments hold than as an use case for future events.</p>
<p><strong>3) Are you enthusiastic or skeptic about the instrumentalization of the social media by the revolutionaries?</strong></p>
<p>On the one hand it is inspiring to see how activists are able to use social media tools to organize collective action, on the other hand the widespread use of these tools can also increase the volatility of public opinion and thus negatively effect the stability of states. Right now it is easy to applaud the protests since they address issues in the countries in question that are widely seen as negative (i.e. corruption, authoritarian style of government) but there is no guarantee that these tools will only be used by political actors who follow commonly accepted goals. Social media tools are themselves no agents for good or evil. Their role in stabilizing or destabilizing states will always depend on the goals of the actors who use them.</p>
<p><strong>4) How important were the social media in triggering those events (in Egypt, Tunisia, India, Yemen)? Were the riots spontaneous or orchestrated via social media?</strong></p>
<p>It is to early to answer what the role of social media was in triggering these events. Again, I do not think that social media were the trigger let alone reason for the protests. For those one has to look at the situation in each of the countries in question. It seems likely though that social media tools helped to distribute the news of successful protests in Tunisia to other countries. Egypt, India, and Yemen were also, albeit for different reasons, in a volatile state. So maybe the news of the events in Tunisia helped to inspire activists in those countries to take to the streets and get their country specific demands heard.</p>
<p><strong>5) How justified are the claims that behind the social media are the western powers who use them in order to bring change in authoritarian countries?</strong></p>
<p>Again, it is to early to answer this question. Personally I tend to doubt the claims that Western powers orchestrated social media protest to achieve regime change in authoritarian countries. It seems to me much more likely that the protests are emergent phenomena, that started in each country out of different reasons. The common theme is their successful use of the internet as a communication medium. But this common element should not lead us to underestimate the different reasons and motivations between the protests. To assume Western powers as conductors of these events seems to me an oversimplification of the events.</p>
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		<title>Guestpost for “Politik nach Zahlen” on the use of E-Petitions in Germany</title>
		<link>http://andreasjungherr.net/2011/02/03/guestpost-for-%e2%80%9cpolitik-nach-zahlen%e2%80%9d-on-the-use-of-e-petitions-in-germany/</link>
		<comments>http://andreasjungherr.net/2011/02/03/guestpost-for-%e2%80%9cpolitik-nach-zahlen%e2%80%9d-on-the-use-of-e-petitions-in-germany/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 03 Feb 2011 13:02:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andreas Jungherr</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Essays]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Writing and Presenting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Computational Social Science]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andreasjungherr.net/?p=1296</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[With Pascal Jürgens [@pascal], and Harald Schoen I wrote a short blogpost for “Politik nach Zahlen“, a blog focused on empirical research on elections, hosted by the German newspaper Die Zeit. This time we focused on two results from the study Pascal and I did on the usage data of the German e-petition system. In&#8230;]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>With Pascal Jürgens [<a href="http://twitter.com/pascal">@pascal</a>], and <a href="http://www.uni-bamberg.de/polsoz/mitarbeiter/harald_schoen">Harald Schoen</a> I wrote a short blogpost for “<a href="http://blog.zeit.de/politik-nach-zahlen/">Politik nach Zahlen</a>“, a blog focused on empirical research on elections, hosted by the German newspaper <a href="http://www.zeit.de/index">Die Zeit</a>. This time we focused on two results from the study Pascal and I did on the usage data of the German e-petition system. In <a href="http://blog.zeit.de/politik-nach-zahlen/2011/01/28/auf-der-jagd-nach-den-50-000-klicks-e-petitionen-in-deutschland_2735">Auf der Jagd nach den 50.000 Klicks: E-Petitionen in Deutschland</a> we showed the development of co-signatures over time.</p>
<div id="attachment_1299" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 410px"><a href="http://andreasjungherr.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/Screen-shot-2011-02-03-at-1.33.44-PM.png"><img src="http://andreasjungherr.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/Screen-shot-2011-02-03-at-1.33.44-PM.png" alt="Jungherr, Jürgens (2010) The Political Click: Figure 1 Signatures per day across all petitions" title="Jungherr, Jürgens (2010) The Political Click: Figure 1 Signatures per day across all petitions" class="alignnone" width="400" height="350" class="size-full wp-image-1299" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Jungherr, Jürgens (2010) The Political Click: Figure 1 Signatures per day across all petitions</p></div>
<p>We also introduced the concept of the co-signature overspill. We found that the daily number of co-signatures of e-petitions below a total of 10.000 co-signatures rose when highly successful e-petitions were active. This is shown by the development of the black area in the graph above.</p>
<div id="attachment_1314" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 410px"><a href="http://andreasjungherr.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/Screen-shot-2011-02-03-at-1.29.53-PM.png"><img src="http://andreasjungherr.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/Screen-shot-2011-02-03-at-1.29.53-PM.png" alt="Jungherr, Jürgens (2010) The Political Click: Figure 3 Number of co-signatures per petition collected in steps of 10,000 co-signatures" title="Jungherr, Jürgens (2010) The Political Click: Figure 3 Number of co-signatures per petition collected in steps of 10,000 co-signatures" class="alignnone" width="400" height="284" class="size-full wp-image-1314" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Jungherr, Jürgens (2010) The Political Click: Figure 3 Number of co-signatures per petition collected in steps of 10,000 co-signatures</p></div>
<p>Also we showed that only a very small number of e-petitions collected most of the co-signatures on the e-petition platform.</p>
<p>These and other results of our analysis can be found in <a href="http://www.psocommons.org/policyandinternet/vol2/iss4/art6/">Andreas Jungherr and Pascal Jürgens (2010) ‘The political click: political participation through e-petitions in Germany’, Policy &#038; Internet, 2(4) Article 6.</a></p>
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		<title>The Political Click: Political Participation through E-Petitions in Germany in Policy &amp; Internet</title>
		<link>http://andreasjungherr.net/2010/12/22/the-political-click-political-participation-through-e-petitions-in-germany-in-policy-internet/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Dec 2010 19:45:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andreas Jungherr</dc:creator>
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		<category><![CDATA[The Political Click: Political Participation through E-Petitions in Germany]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andreasjungherr.net/?p=1272</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&#8220;Policy &#038; Internet&#8221; just published Pascal Jürgens&#8217; and mine paper &#8220;The Political Click: Political Participation through E-Petitions in Germany&#8220;. In the paper we take a look at the German e-petition system and its usage dynamics. Abstract: Electronic petitions can serve as an influential mechanism for political participation. We present a study on the dynamics in&#8230;]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;Policy &#038; Internet&#8221; just published Pascal Jürgens&#8217; and mine paper &#8220;<a href="http://www.psocommons.org/policyandinternet/vol2/iss4/art6/">The Political Click: Political Participation through E-Petitions in Germany</a>&#8220;. In the paper we take a look at the German e-petition system and its usage dynamics.</p>
<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Electronic petitions can serve as an influential mechanism for political participation. We present a study on the dynamics in the German e-petition system which was introduced in late 2008. Drawing on a data set of signatures, we analyze four aspects: (a) the types of petitions found, (b) the temporal dynamics of petitions, (c) the types of users found, and (d) the intersection of different petitions’ supporter populations. We present evidence that (a) the system is dominated by a very small number of high-volume petitions and (b) these high-volume petitions have a delayed boosting effect on the base activity in the petition system. We furthermore (c) present a typology of users, showing that although highly active “new lobbyists” and “hit-and-run activists” exist, one- or two-time petitioners have the largest impact. Finally, it is indicated that (d) many of the high-volume petitions share a significant part of their user base, hinting at a complex, topically motivated network of supporters. Through the application of methods from what has been called “Computational Social Sciences,” we illuminate a highly relevant field of political behavior online, while demonstrating the capability of data-driven approaches in such novel domains.</p>
<p>A copy of the paper is available on the website of the journal.</p>
<p>Jungherr, Andreas and Jürgens, Pascal (2010) &#8220;<a href="http://www.psocommons.org/policyandinternet/vol2/iss4/art6/">The Political Click: Political Participation through E-Petitions in Germany</a>,&#8221; Policy &#038; Internet: Vol. 2: Iss. 4, Article 6.</p>
<p>DOI: 10.2202/1944-2866.1084</p>
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		<title>&#8220;The political click&#8221; at Oii: &#8220;Internet, Politics, Policy 2010: An Impact Assessment&#8221;</title>
		<link>http://andreasjungherr.net/2010/09/20/the-political-click-at-oii-internet-politics-policy-2010-an-impact-assessment/</link>
		<comments>http://andreasjungherr.net/2010/09/20/the-political-click-at-oii-internet-politics-policy-2010-an-impact-assessment/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Sep 2010 20:50:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andreas Jungherr</dc:creator>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andreasjungherr.net/?p=1127</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Earlier this month I re-visited the Oxford Internet Institute. This time I went to visit the conference Internet, Politics, Policy 2010: An Impact Assessment. It was great to return to Oxford so shortly after my last stay at the Summer Doctoral Programme earlier this year. At the conference I presented the paper &#8220;The political click:&#8230;]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Earlier this month I re-visited the <a href="http://www.oii.ox.ac.uk/">Oxford Internet Institute</a>. This time I went to visit the conference <a href="http://microsites.oii.ox.ac.uk/ipp2010/welcome">Internet, Politics, Policy 2010: An Impact Assessment</a>. It was great to return to Oxford so shortly after my last stay at the <a href="http://www.oii.ox.ac.uk/teaching/sdp/Y2010.cfm">Summer Doctoral Programme</a> earlier this year.</p>
<p>At the conference I presented the paper &#8220;The political click: political participation through e-petitions in Germany&#8221; written by Pascal Jürgens and me on the use of the German e-petition system. A <a href="http://microsites.oii.ox.ac.uk/ipp2010/system/files/IPP2010_Jungherr_Jurgens_Paper.pdf">copy of the paper</a> can be found on the <a href="http://microsites.oii.ox.ac.uk/ipp2010/welcome">conference microsite</a> hosted by the Oii. There the other <a href="http://microsites.oii.ox.ac.uk/ipp2010/papers">papers</a> presented at the conference are also available for download. An updated version of the paper will appear later this year in the peer-reviewed journal <a href="http://www.psocommons.org/policyandinternet/">Policy &#038; Internet</a>. Since the edits were significant advances on the version available the Oii site I would ask you, if you are interested in the paper, to reference the published version.</p>
<p>The conference has been covered on a number of blogs. For example on:</p>
<p>OII Blog<br />
<a href="http://people.oii.ox.ac.uk/research/?p=1516">Internet, Politics, Policy 2010: What is our impact on the Internet? Keynote by Arthur Lupia</a><br />
<a href="http://people.oii.ox.ac.uk/research/?p=1521">Internet, Politics, Policy 2010: Political Participation and Petitioning</a><br />
<a href="http://people.oii.ox.ac.uk/research/?p=1528">Internet, Politics, Policy 2010: Campaigning in the 2010 UK General Election</a><br />
<a href="http://people.oii.ox.ac.uk/research/?p=1538">Internet, Politics, Policy 2010: Closing keynote by Viktor Mayer-Schönberger</a><br />
<a href="http://people.oii.ox.ac.uk/research/?p=1553">Internet, Politics, Policy 2010: Wrap-Up</a></p>
<p>ICTlogy by Ismael Peña-López<br />
<a href="http://ictlogy.net/20100916-internet-politics-policy-i-arthur-lupia-an-impact-assessment/">Internet, Politics, Policy (I). Arthur Lupia: An impact Assessment</a><br />
<a href="http://ictlogy.net/20100916-internet-politics-policy-ii-political-participation-and-petitioning/">Internet, Politics, Policy (II). Political Participation and Petitioning</a><br />
<a href="http://ictlogy.net/20100916-internet-politics-policy-iii-participation-in-politics-and-policy-making/">Internet, Politics, Policy (III). Participation in Politics and Policy-making</a><br />
<a href="http://ictlogy.net/20100917-internet-politics-policy-iv-comparative-campaigning-i/">Internet, Politics, Policy (IV). Comparative Campaigning (I)</a><br />
<a href="http://ictlogy.net/20100917-internet-politics-policy-v-campaigning-uk2010-election/">Internet, Politics, Policy (V). Campaigning: UK2010 Election</a><br />
<a href="http://ictlogy.net/20100917-internet-politics-policy-vi-digital-divides/">Internet, Politics, Policy (VI). Digital Divides</a><br />
<a href="http://ictlogy.net/20100917-internet-politics-policy-vii-internet-governance-ii/">Internet, Politics, Policy (VII). Internet Governance (II)</a><br />
<a href="http://ictlogy.net/20100917-internet-politics-policy-viii-viktor-mayer-schonberger/">Internet, Politics, Policy (VIII). Viktor Mayer-Schönberger: Delete. The Virtue of Forgetting in the Digital Age</a></p>
<p>Digital Government &#8211; Digital Society<br />
<a href="http://digitalgovernment.wordpress.com/2010/09/16/ipp-conference-day-1/">Internet, Politics, Policy Conference – Day 1</a><br />
<a href="http://digitalgovernment.wordpress.com/2010/09/21/ipp-conference-%E2%80%93-day-2/">IPP Conference – Day 2</a></p>
<p>[Update 2010/12/20]<br />
Richard Parsons [<a href="http://twitter.com/problybored/">@problybored</a>] was kind enough to write a <a href="http://www.edemocracyblog.com/edemocracy-blog/parliament-epetitions-and-lessons-from-germany/">short wrap up</a> on the Oii draft of &#8220;The political click: political participation through e-petitions in Germany&#8221; on his blog eDemocracyBlog.com.</p>
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		<title>Blast from the past No. 4: Digital channels, the change in community structures and its consequences for social participation</title>
		<link>http://andreasjungherr.net/2010/02/21/blast-from-the-past-no-4-digital-channels-the-change-in-community-structures-and-its-consequences-for-social-participation/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 21 Feb 2010 16:21:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andreas Jungherr</dc:creator>
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		<category><![CDATA[the change in community structures and its consequences for social participation]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andreasjungherr.net/?p=882</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This trip to the archives digs up the paper Digital channels, the change in community structures and its consequences for social participation. I presented this paper in Belfast at the ISEA 2009. For a short glance at the argument have a look at the presentation. The full paper can be found here. Andreas Jungherr (2009)&#8230;]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This trip to the archives digs up the paper <a href="http://andreasjungherr.net/publications/conference-papers-and-presentations/digital-channels-the-change-in-community-structures-and-its-consequences-for-social-participation/">Digital channels, the change in community structures and its consequences for social participation</a>. I presented this paper in Belfast at the <a href="http://www.isea2009.org/wordpress/?page_id=36">ISEA 2009</a>.</p>
<p>For a short glance at the argument have a look at the presentation. The full paper can be found <a href="http://andreasjungherr.net/publications/conference-papers-and-presentations/digital-channels-the-change-in-community-structures-and-its-consequences-for-social-participation/">here</a>.</p>
<p><object style="margin:0px" width="425" height="355" class='aligncenter' ><param name="movie" value="http://static.slidesharecdn.com/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=belfast2009-090826102723-phpapp01&#038;stripped_title=digital-channels-the-change-in-community-structures-and-its-consequences-for-social-participation" /><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"/><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"/><embed src="http://static.slidesharecdn.com/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=belfast2009-090826102723-phpapp01&#038;stripped_title=digital-channels-the-change-in-community-structures-and-its-consequences-for-social-participation" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="425" height="355"></embed></object></p>
<p>Andreas Jungherr (2009) ‘Digital channels, the change in community structures and its consequences for social participation’. Paper presented at the <a href="http://www.isea2009.org/wordpress/?page_id=36">ISEA 2009</a>: <a href="http://www.isea-web.org/">International Symposium for the Electronic Arts</a>, University of Ulster, Belfast, UK on 23 August – 1 September 2009.</p>
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